Chloramination of Building Water Systems as an Alternative to Chlorination
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چکیده
1) Microbial control is inadequate 2) It results in higher proportions of Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and nitrifying bacteria in biofilms 3) It induces the viable-but-nonculturable (VBNC) state in Legionella 4) Higher concentrations of nitrite and nitrate (regulated drinking water contaminants) can occur 5) It degrades to ammonium ion in premise plumbing treatments which can lead to nitrification 6) Corrosivity of elastomers and other construction materials is significant 7) Volatility is very high 8) The application is more complex due to instability of chloramines 9) The application is more expensive because the cost of chlorine is very low 10) N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potent carcinogen, in chloraminated drinking water is an emerging issue of great concern
منابع مشابه
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